The international committee also declared businesses should be penalised for wasting food.
Its
controversial Global Food Security report suggested the UK was "never more
than a few days away" from a significant food shortage.
MPs
called for farmers to rear more animals on grass instead of grain and people
not to view meat as an every day staple.
The
committee also urged the Government to redouble its efforts to slash the amount
of discarded produce - estimated to be around 30% globally.
And it
called on the UK to look at whether nations should stockpile food to protect
themselves from price spikes.
Sir
Malcolm Bruce, chairman of the International Development Committee, said:
"With the UK never more than a few days away from a significant food
shortage, UK consumers should also be encouraged over time to reduce how often
they eat meat.
"Meanwhile,
as a nation we should place a stronger focus on more sustainable extensive
systems of meat production, such as pasture-fed cattle, rather than on highly
intensive grain-fed livestock units."
The report suggests more
livestock should be reared on grass
The
committee wants ministers to set producers and retailers targets for food waste
reduction, with sanctions imposed when they are not met.
It also
wants the Government to pursue proposals aimed at persuading households to cut
the amount they throw out and promote schemes about redistributing unwanted
food.
Its
report suggested the moves should be part of a wider food security strategy
with the UK doing more to help smallholders in developing countries.
MPs
warned that the rising world population, which is expected to rise from 7.1bn
today to 9.3bn by 2050, will continue to heap pressure on food security.
They also
warned that some biofuels are driving up prices and making them more volatile
and, in some cases, could be even more damaging to the environment than fossil
fuels.
The
committee called for EU targets requiring 10% of transport energy to be drawn
from renewable sources by 2020 to exclude agriculturally-produced forms to the
fuel.
The
report comes as the UK plans to host an event, Nutrition for Growth: Beating
Hunger Through Nutrition And Science, under the umbrella of its G8 presidency.
But it
prompted anger from the farming community, with unions calling it
"naive" and "dangerous" and warning it risked further
damaging a struggling industry.
Charles
Sercombe from the NFU told the Daily Mail: "With many farmers having been
dealing with some of the most difficult conditions in years, to encourage the
public not to eat meat is unhelpful to say the least."
A
spokesman for the Department of International Development said: "We are
leading the way in making nutrition a global priority and by 2015 our nutrition
programmes will help a total of 20 million pregnant women and young children
across Africa and Asia.
"At
the Nutrition for Growth Summit this weekend, we will set out our future
nutrition commitments and look to agree a radical new approach with business
and the scientific community to improve millions of lives, with the ultimate
aim of eradicating under nutrition globally."
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